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William Bolitho Ryall
William Bolitho Ryall (1891–1930) was a South African journalist, writer and biographer who was a valued friend of prominent writers such as Ernest Hemingway, Noël Coward, Walter Lippman and Walter Duranty.〔See these authors' remarks under 'Reputation' below.〕 He wrote under the name ‘William Bolitho’ but was known to his friends as ‘Bill Ryall’.〔Walter Duranty dedicated his book, ''I Write as I Please'' 'To the memory of Bill Ryall (William Bolitho)’, though he refers to him as 'Bolitho' throughout the book.〕 He died on 2 June 1930 at the age of 39 just as his reputation was being established.〔
== Life ==
Ryall was born as 'Charles William Ryall' at Droitwich, London in January 1891.〔Cf. England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915. Confirmed by the authority of his daughter, Camilla Bolitho Ryall. See the genealogy.com forum at http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/bolitho/20/
posting by Camilla Bolitho Ryall, dated 14 Aug. 1999 ''Accessed 2015.05.14''〕 His parents were missionaries in South Africa and he was taken there as an infant.〔As indicated by his daughter, Camilla Bolitho Ryall. See the genealogy.com forum at http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/bolitho/20/ posting by Camilla Bolitho Ryall, dated 14 Aug. 1999 ''Accessed 2015.05.14'' Also, Ryall's name appears in the 1891 census for Droitwich but not in the 1901 census anywhere in the UK. See www.ancestry.com records. ''Accessed 2015.05.23''.〕 He changed his name to 'William Bolitho Ryall' which was his uncle's name who died in South Africa and who wrote the book ''Pensam: His Mysterious Tribulation'' published in 1883.〔On the authority of his daughter, Camilla Bolitho Ryall, see the genealogy.com forum http://genforum.genealogy.com/bolitho/messages/18.html ''Accessed 2015/05/14''〕 He made his way to England as a stoker in a British liner, apparently to take part in the 1914-18 war.〔Report on Bolitho's death - ''New York Times'', 4 June 1930. Available in the New York Times archives at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9807E5DD1238E03ABC4C53DFB066838B629EDE# ''Accessed 10.11.2014''; Also, publisher’s biography in the Penguin edition of ''Twelve Against the Gods''.〕 He enlisted in the British Army as a private and later became a junior lieutenant.〔 In 1916 he was buried alive with fifteen other men in mine explosion on the Somme. He was the only survivor and was initially thought to be dead, but was unconscious with a broken neck and other injuries.〔 He spent a year convalescing in a Scottish military hospital but never fully recovered his health.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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